Search
Log in
Type of project: BSc/MSc thesis/internship
Topic: upgrading vivianite recovered from sewage sludge as precursor of LiFePO4 Li-ion battery cathode material
Duration: minimum 6 months
Start date: September 2026 (flexible)
Location: Wetsus, European center of excellence for sustainable water technology, Leeuwarden, NL.
Allowance: The maximum Wetsus allowance for this internship is 425 € per month. Grant holding students (i.e. Erasmus or other) receiving financial support of less than 425 € per month can apply for a top-up supplement to the maximum allowance.
Background:
Vivianite (Fe3(PO4)2∙8H2O), a blue mineral, is the main FeP form in digested sludge when enough Fe is dosed. Vivimag™, a magnetic separation technology to selectively recover vivianite from sewage sludge, has been proven in multiple pilots. The key remaining challenge is to identify outlet for the recovered vivianite. LiFePO4 (LFP), Li-ion battery cathode material, represent a high-value outlets for recovered vivianite, providing an early economic incentive and a practical market destination that can help ViviMag™ technology to enter the market and stimulate more waterboards to recover this mineral. Vivianite is considered as a potential precursor for LFP because it contains both iron and phosphate, with an Fe : P molar ratio of 1.5. By adding an appropriate Li source, the overall stoichiometry can be adjusted to the required Li : Fe : P=1:1:1 for LFP synthesis. Compared to other cathodes, LFP is promising material because of its high theoretical capacity (170 mAh g-1), absence of critical metals, and the phosphate’s capacity to stabilize the structure, providing a higher tolerance to heat. Importantly, this pathway is motivated not only by the sustainability of LFP, but also by the opportunity to valorize recovered P and reduce the dependance on mined phosphate rock.
Project description:
Recovered vivianite from sewage sludge often contains impurities, including residual organic matter and divalent cation substitutions at Fe sites. Whether such impurities are beneficial or not for LFP synthesis remains unknown. Hence, these impurities may influence the way we can directly valorize vivianite.
Organic matter: In LiFePO4/C synthesis, carbon is typically added intentionally to improve electronic conductivity and enable carbon coating formation. Organic matter residues in vivianite concentrate may play such a role as a carbon source.
Heavy metal impurities: divalent ion substitution is a widely used strategy to improve the electrochemical performance of LiFePO4. Thus, such metal impurities may play a beneficial role.
This project aims to:
During the project you will:
Your profile
Education: BSc or MSc student in chemistry, chemical engineering, environmental technology or material science
Skills: Previous laboratory experience; Good written and oral communication skills; having driver license to go sampling will be a plus
Interests: phosphate recovery, wastewater, resource recovery, recource valorization, material science
Abstract
The realisation of a circular economy has thus far unfolded under the assumption that it would fit within existing economic arrangements. In practice, we witness many circular initiatives struggling to give shape to their ambitions, let alone develop to maturity. These past months, various material recycling organisations terminated their activities, seeing virgin alternatives from other parts of the world flooding the market at prices against they cannot compete. If the transition towards a circular economy (i.e. an economy of value preservation) is to be taken seriously, a new perspective on value in our economic system seems unavoidable, as the rewriting of the rules of the economic game. At this moment, current perceptions of value stand in the way of this transition both at micro as well as macro levels. Several contours for a collective exploration of new directions of value and economic configuration that foster circular transition will be addressed.
Abstract
In his key note he will conclude after a life of innovations that it is impossible that humanity will stay within the save planetary boundaries with innovation only. We should be more critical about the behaviour of the rich population in the world and more critical about new innovations that prove to be dangerous, like the PFAS crisis shows at this moment. In his keynote he will investigate how to look at the world that can stay within the save planetary boundaries, how should we change ourselves? It is clear if we only talk about the words of science and systems we miss the essential words of how we should cooperate and change ourselves. And his search for coherent save innovations. Which innovations will be save and will lead to a fair and sustainable world? And will lead to a world we want to live in.
Abstract
There is a growing number of new sustainable, inclusive, cohesive, participatory, just and humane economic models. A possible next step in the discourse about them is the comparative analysis in order to find out key commonalities, potential synergies, and “requirements” for a future-fit economic model. The author and initiator of the Economy for the Common Good provides an overview of these „new sustainable economic models“ and compares them according to underlying values, principles, and practical ways of implementation. The keynote addresses the cooperative spirit of the conference and prepares the ground for its public highlight on the eve of June 3rd, the round table with representatives of diverse future-fit economic models.
Abstract
The scientific debate on whether economies should always continue to grow increasingly becomes a political and societal debate. On the one hand further growth for the most affluent countries seems neither possible nor valuable, but on the other hand there is still lack of understanding and knowledge what a non-growing economy should look like and could best be governed. In this lecture we discuss various policy measures that can be realistically implemented, take into account government finances and aim at a higher quality of life despite a non-growing economy.
Abstract
Democracy is under pressure, and less and less able to stir the economy into a sustainable direction. Therefore, to stabilize democracy and to make possible the socio-ecological transformation of the economy, democratic principles need to be implemented directly in the economy. This is not only a matter of morality, but also has practical advantages. Democratizing the economy can increase legitimacy and take advantage of the “knowledge of the many” to accelerate the transformation. Democratic practices, especially deliberation, allow bringing together different forms of knowledge, which is crucial for the local implementation of principles of social and ecological sustainability. This talk explores what this idea means in more concrete terms, from democratic participation in the workplace to the democratization of time.
Abstract
Over the past decades, markets have conventionally been seen as the best instrument to stimulate economic growth and enhance prosperity and well-being. The automatic link between markets and economic growth is increasingly questioned, however, as well as the automatic link between economic growth and enhancement of well-being. This has led to attempts to capture well-being development more directly than through GDP per capita figures and has produced a more variegated picture of well-being growth. Also, this has led to a shift of focus to other coordination systems than the market, as primarily the state but increasingly also the association. Analyses of the historical record suggest that especially the latter could be a vital component in future well-being.